WHAT IS THYROID CANCER: INTRODUCTION

Thyroid

Thyroid cancer begins in the thyroid. This gland is located in the front of the neck, just below the throat, and this is called the speech box. The thyroid is part of the endocrine system, that regulates hormones in the body. The thyroid gland absorbs iodine from the blood, produces thyroid hormones, and regulates the body's metabolism.

The normal thyroid has two lobes, one on each side of the trachea, connected by a narrow piece of tissue called the isthmus. A healthy thyroid gland is almost inaccessible, which means it is difficult to find it by touch.
If a tumor develops in the thyroid, it feels like a lump on the neck. Goiter or enlargement is called a goiter and may be caused by insufficient iodine intake. However, most Americans get enough iodine from salt, goiter in this case is caused by other causes.

Thyroid Tumors

Thyroid cancer starts when healthy cells in the thyroid gland changes and grows out of control, forming a mass called a tumor. Thyroid cancer can be controlled, by visiting any Best cancer doctor in Delhi for that. The thyroid gland contains two types of cells which are:

Follicular cells

These cells are responsible for the production of thyroid hormones. Hormones control the body's basic metabolism. It controls how fast your calories burn. This can affect weight loss and weight gain, slow or accelerate heartbeat, raise or lower body temperature, affect the speed of food moving in the digestive tract, control how muscles contract, and control the rate of fast-dead cell replacement.

C cells

These special cells of the thyroid gland produce calcitonin, a hormone involved in calcium metabolism.

Tumors can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous tumor is malignant, it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. A benign tumor means that the tumor can grow but not spread. Thyroid tumors can also be called nodules, and about 90% of all thyroid nodules are benign.




Types of thyroid cancer

There are 5 main types of thyroid cancer:

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

Papillary thyroid carcinoma develops from follicular cells and usually grows slowly. It is a very common type of thyroid cancer. Usually found in 1 lobe. Only 10% to 20% of papillary thyroid carcinomas appear in both leaves. It is differentiated thyroid cancer, which means that under a microscope, the tumor looks similar to normal thyroid tissue. Papillary thyroid cancer often spreads to lymph nodes.

Follicular thyroid cancer

Follicular thyroid cancer also develops from follicular cells. It usually grows slowly. Follicular thyroid cancer is also differentiated, but it is far less common than papillary thyroid cancer. Follicular thyroid cancer rarely spreads to lymph nodes.
They are usually curable, especially if they are found early in people under the age of 50. Follicular and papillary thyroid cancers together account for approximately 95% of all thyroid cancers.

Hurthle cell carcinoma

Hurtle cell carcinoma, also known as Hurthle cell carcinoma, is a cancer caused by some type of follicular cells. Compared with other follicular thyroid cancers, hurthle cell carcinoma is more likely to spread to lymph nodes.

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) 

MTC develops in C cells and is sometimes the result of a genetic syndrome known as multiple endocrine tumor type 2 (MEN2). The tumor has little resemblance to normal thyroid tissue. MTC is usually controlled if it is diagnosed and treated before spreading to other parts of the body. About 25% of all MTCs are family members. This means that patients' family members will likely have a similar diagnosis. The RET proto-oncogene test (see "Risk Factors") can confirm whether family members also have familial MTC (FMTC).

Anaplastic thyroid cancer

This type is rare and accounts for about 1% of thyroid cancers. It is a rapidly developing, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer that may begin with differentiated thyroid cancer or benign thyroid tumors. Anaplastic thyroid cancer can be divided into large cell categories. Because this type of thyroid cancer grows so fast, it can be difficult to treat successfully.

In addition, other types of cancer may begin in or near the thyroid. Visit the best oncologist in delhi DR. Manish.

Location: H. No, 2450, CISF, Sector 8, Faridabad, Haryana 121006, India

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